Bericht des Friedensforschungsinstituts SIPRI, 22.4.2024 (engl. Original)
The 6.8 per cent increase in 2023 was the steepest year-on-year rise since 2009 and pushed global spending to the highest level SIPRI has ever recorded. The world military burden—defined as military spending as a percentage of global gross domestic product (GDP)—increased to 2.3 per cent in 2023. Average military expenditure as a share of government expenditure rose by 0.4 percentage points to 6.9 per cent in 2023 and world military spending per person was the highest since 1990, at $306.
The rise in global military spending in 2023 can be attributed primarily to the ongoing war in Ukraine and escalating geopolitical tensions in Asia and Oceania and the Middle East. Military expenditure went up in all five geographical regions, with major spending increases recorded in Europe, Asia and Oceania and the Middle East.
World military expenditure is highly concentrated among a relatively small group of states. The two largest spenders, the United States and China, accounted for around half of global military spending in 2023. Together, the top 10 in 2023 accounted for almost three quarters (74 per cent) of the world total, or $1799 billion, which was $105 billion more than the previous year. In 2023 all countries in the top 10 increased their military spending. The biggest percentage increase among this group was in Ukraine. Its military spending went up by 51 per cent to $64.8 billion and it moved from 11th largest spender in 2022 to 8th largest in 2023.
The military burden of every country in the top 10 grew in 2023. The largest increase was in Ukraine, where military spending as a share of GDP rose by 11 percentage points to reach 37 per cent. This was followed by Russia with an increase of 1.2 percentage points in its military burden to 5.9 per cent of GDP. Military spending as a share of government expenditure, which can be seen as a measure of government priorities, increased in 9 of the top 10 spenders in 2023 (the only decrease was in the USA). Among the top 10, military spending as a share of government expenditure was highest in Ukraine (58 per cent), followed by Saudi Arabia (24 per cent) and Russia (16 per cent). The most notable increases in 2023 were in Ukraine (+19 percentage points) and Russia (+3.2 percentage points).
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